A kinetic study of the rehydration of carrots for two types of cuts (geometries) (slabs and cylinders), is presented. The carrots were washed, peeled and cut an then treated for 5 min in distilled water at 80 ºC before being dehydrated in a convection oven at different temperatures. The rehydration kinetics was obtained by means of a diffusion model and its temperature dependence was determined by an Arrhenius type relationship. It was observed that the rehydration is affected by the pretreatment due to the structural changes that finally affect the rehydration capacity of the samples. Diffusion coefficients do not present such dependence.

Se presenta un estudio cinético de la rehidratación de zanahorias para dos tipos de cortes o geometrías (placas y cilindros). Las zanahorias fueron lavadas, peladas y cortadas para someterlas a un tratamiento de 5 min. en agua destilada a 80 ºC antes de ser deshidratadas en un horno de convección a diferentes temperaturas. La cinética de rehidratación se obtuvo por medio de un modelo difusional y se determinó su posible dependencia con la temperatura mediante una relación de tipo Arrhenius. Se observó que la rehidratación se ve afectada por el pretratamiento debido a los cambios estructurales, que finalmente afectan la capacidad de rehidratación de las muestras. Los coeficientes de difusión no presentan tal dependencia.

La infección por hepatitis B, junto a la Hepatitis C y la enfermedad hepática por alcohol, son las principales causas de cirrosis y hepatocarcinoma en el mundo con alta morbi-mortalidad. Recientemente, se han publicado las guías, para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con Hepatitis crónica por Virus B, de varias asociaciones científicas: La Asociación Americana para el estudio de las enfermedades hepáticas (AASLD), la Asociación Europea para el estudio del Hígado (EASL), la Asociación del Asia Pacífico para el estudio del hígado (APASL) y la Asociación Gastroenterológica Americana (AGA). Nosotros revisamos, basados en estas guías, el diagnóstico y la terapia actual para la hepatitis B crónica.

Hepatitis B virus (VHB) infection, together with hepatitis C and alcohol abuse, is among the leading causes of cirrhosis and hepatocelular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. It thus represents a relevant cause of mobility and mortality. There have been many changes in the management of chronic hepatitis B in the past few years. The ASSLD has published also updated it’s the guidelines on chronic hepatitis B; the EASL has published its consensus statement, the APASL has published the second version of Asian-Pacific consensus of hepatitis B, and the panel of US hepatologist (AGA) has developed the practical a comprehensive algorithm for the diagnosis , treatment and monitoring of patients with chronic hepatic B. This paper will review the current therapy of chronic hepatitis B.

Este trabalho aborda os principais elementos em jogo na produção, leitura/interpretação e tradução do humor. Para tanto, propõe a aplicação dos princípios da Teoria Geral do Humor Verbal, de Raskin e Attardo, e da Teoria do Escopo, de Reiss e Vermeer, à tradução de textos humorísticos. O objetivo: produzir na tradução um efeito análogo ao que esses textos potencialmente provocam na língua-cultura de partida, preservando ao máximo sua oferta informativa e levando em conta o elemento pragmático.

This article deals with the main elements at stake in the production, reading/interpreting and translating of humor. To achieve his objective, the application of the principles of Raskin and Attardo's General Theory of Verbal Humor as well as Reiss and Vermeer's Scope Theory to the translation of humorous texts is suggested in this paper. The aim: (1) to produce through translation an analogous effect which such texts potentially provoke in the source language and culture; (ii) to keep as much as possible, their informational and pragmatic content.